Architecture built during the colonial era, Indonesia
became a Dutch colony in 1600-1942, 350 years of Dutch colonialism in
Indonesia. Colonial Architecture
Styles developed in several countries in Europe and America. By discovering
of America around 15-16 century, motivate Europeans to
conquer and settle in the "New World", which is the area they visit
and finally made the colony.
Colonial Architecture
Styles adopted neo-classic style, that’s style oriented by classical Greek and
Roman architecture. The distinguishing characteristics lies in the basic form
of the building with traps of the ascent (cripedoma). The columns are Doric,
Ionic and Corinthian with various forms of ornaments in this capital. Pediment
shape is triangle containing relife Greek or Roman myths above a row of
columns. Forms tympanum (the wall construction is triangular or
semi-circle) is placed on doors and windows serve as decoration.
Characteristics of Colonial Architecture
Styles in
this case can be viewed in terms of its architecture as well as periodization
of development can also be seen from the various elements of ornaments used the
colonial buildings.
The influence of western culture looks at the big
pillars, reminiscent of the shape of the classical Greek and Roman
architecture. Including door is located right in the middle, flanked by large
windows on both sides. Colonial Architecture Styles is a
manifestation of cultural values are displayed shape of the roof, walls, doors,
and windows as well as the shape of ornaments with high quality as the
decorative elements of the building.
Roof
This type of roof is diverse. Type often encountered
today is a flat roof made of cast concrete and sloping roof-shaped shield or a
saddle. In general, the roof is a space that is not clear, most often
sacrificed for the purpose of exploitation of the building volume. The roof is
a crown for building propped up by the legs and body building, evidence and
function as the embodiment of pride and dignity of the building itself.
Visually, the roof is a suffix of the face of the building,
which is often inserted to the attic, so the roof moves backwards from the
human eye. The necessity of this part is treated in terms of function and form,
comes from the fact the building has a bottom (pedestal) are voicing
relationship with the Earth, and the top end of the building which tells limit
in the context of vertical.
Doors
Doors play an important and crucial role in generating
the right direction and meaning to a space. General size doors commonly used is
the ratio of the proportion of 1: 2 or 1: 3. size doors always have a different
meaning, for example, short-sized door, is used as an entrance into the room
more private. Human scale do not always become the benchmark for determining
the size of a door. For example in a monumental building, usually the size of
doors and other openings adapted to the proportion of the surrounding region.
The position of the door is determined by the function
room or building, even at the boundaries of functional complex, which has a
geometric harmony with the space. A high proportion of the door and the
threshold of the door flat against the rest areas on the sides of the doorway
is important to note. As a rule, the application system which determines the
proportion of the basic floor plan and height of a building, as well as to the
elements of the doors and windows. Another alternative is to create niches in
the walls or the concentration of a group of openings such as doors and
windows.
Window
Windows can make people who are outside of
the building can imagine the beauty of the rooms behind it. At some time,
evaluation and significance of levels certain applied to the design window. The
arrangement of these buildings represent the social conditions, as each level
is inhabited by members of different social classes.
Wall
The existence of the window has become one of the
important elements in the formation of the building. Structuring walls can also be treated as part of the
sculpture of a building, a special part of the building can be highlighted by
processing unique wall, which can be obtained from the selection of materials,
or the way the finishing of the wall itself, such as paint color, texture, and
technique. Depth of the wall can also be used as
a tool to highlight the building's face.